Neurology deals with disorders of the nervous system. Specifically, it deals with the diagnosis and treatment of all categories of diseases involving the central, peripheral and autonomic nervous systems.

Myasthenia Gravis is a neuromuscular disease leading to fluctuating muscle weakness and fatiguability. It is an autoimmune disorder in which weakness is caused by circulating antibodies that block acetylcholine receptors at the post-synaptic neuromuscular junction, inhibiting the stimulative effect of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.

Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy (CIDP) is an acquired immune-mediated inflammatory disorder of the peripheral nervous system but often can have central nervous system involvement. The disorder is sometimes called chronic relapsing polyneuropathy. CIDP is closely related to Guillain-Barre syndrome and is considered to be the chronic counterpart of it. Its symptoms are also similar to progressive inflammatory neuropathy.

Polyneuropathy (lgG/lgA/lgM related) is a neurological disorder that occurs when many peripheral nerves throughout the body malfunction simultaneously. It may be acute and appear without warning or chronic and develop gradually over a longer period of time. Many polyneuropathies have both motor and sensory involvement and some have autonomic dysfunction. These disorders are often symmetric and frequently involve distal extremities.

Paraplegia is impairment in motor and/or sensory function of the lower extremities. It is usually a result of spinal cord injury or a congenital condition such as spina bifida which affects the neural elements of the spinal canal. Areas of the spinal canal affected in paraplegia are either the thoracic, lumbar or sacral regions. If the arms are also affected by paralysis, tetraplegia is the proper terminology.

Muscular Dystrophy (MD) refers to a group of genetic and hereditary muscle diseases that cause progressive muscle weakness. Muscular dystrophies are characterized by progressive skeletal muscle weakness, defects in muscle proteins and the death of muscle cells and tissue. Most types of MD are multi-system disorders with manifestations in body systems including the heart, gastrointestinal and nervous systems, endocrine glands, skin, eyes and other organs.

Stroke is the rapidly developing loss of brain functions due to a disturbance in the blood vessels that supply blood to the brain. This can be due to lack of blood supply caused by thrombosis or embolism or due to a hemorrhage. As a result, the affected area of the brain is unable to function, leading to inability to move one or more limbs on one side of the body, inability to understand or formulate speech, or inability to see one side of the visual field. In the past, stroke was referred to as cerebrovascular accident (CVA), but the term "stroke" is now preferred.